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纪录片赋予硬核科技以浪漫诗意******

　　纪录片《鹤舞长江》剧照。中央广播电视总台供图

　　2022年12月20日，白鹤滩水电站16台百万千瓦机组全部投产发电。白鹤滩与乌东德、溪洛渡、向家坝、三峡、葛洲坝水电站“串珠成链”，点亮了世界最大的清洁能源走廊，在新征程上为践行“两山”理念、落实“双碳”目标注入澎湃的绿色动能。纪录片《鹤舞长江》，全景式呈现了这项超级工程的诞生背景、建设历程，引领观众深度感受“绿色奇迹”背后的中国智慧、中国精神、中国力量。

　　世界首台百万千瓦水轮机组、世界最大的地下厂房、世界最“聪明”的智能大坝……白鹤滩水电站攻克了40项世界级难题，取得1000余项技术专利，机组实现100%国产化。这是我国水电装备制造从“跟跑”“并跑”到“领跑”的又一杰作。核心技术的突破，是攀登，也是接力。水电站历经半个多世纪选址、10年勘察设计、10余年建设施工，承载着几代水电人的光荣与梦想。《鹤舞长江》以选址筹建为开篇，用真实的镜头捕捉一个个闯关夺隘的动人故事，留下了弥足珍贵的影像资料和历史信息。

　　作为专业性极强的工程题材纪录片，如何用影像语言艺术地挖掘和呈现工程价值，让广大观众在震撼之余，激发起更多情感共鸣？该片做了诸多有益尝试。

　　以生动贴切的语言，呈现科技之美。一个超级工程，就是一件精美绝伦的工业艺术品，凝结着工程师们非凡的想象力与创造力。以一个铁球“借力打力”，实现上层爆破的同时，保护底部基岩；通过“雕刻师”级别的精准爆破，岩壁吊车梁一次成型，为庞大的地下宫殿打造出能承担万吨重量的坚实“臂膀”；以低热水泥破解“无坝不裂”的难题，成功筑成“无缝大坝”；为泄洪洞岩壁敷上一层光滑的“镜面”，阻断空泡效应，让“深水炸弹”无处栖身；以充满传统文化意蕴的“双龙戏水”出水口设计，巧妙消解泄洪势能……纪录片将科技术语转化为日常语言，以通俗易懂的表达诠释复杂问题，打破专业隔阂，赋予硬核科技以浪漫诗意。

　　以平凡动人的故事，书写奋斗之路。令观众印象深刻的，不仅是那座雄伟壮观、造型优美的大坝，更有数万名建设者和10万移民的无私奉献。前期负责勘探的工程师们冒着生命危险，徒步于垂直落差近千米、最窄处不足1米的白鹤驿道；河谷上空的7座彩色缆机中，清一色的女司机昼夜不停，以女性的细致与专注，累计吊送100万罐混凝土；移民工作者刘祖雄不顾病痛，翻山越岭，开展详尽的入户调查、制定安置方案，努力带领库区移民走出世代贫困……纪录片以工程建设为主题，但关键视角始终是人。工程建设过程中，朴实的奉献和真切的情谊，令纪录片充满温度和力量。

　　纪录片专门辟出章节，呈现工程配备的一整套完善的生态系统保护方案。乌东德水电站为洄游的鱼类量身打造“专用电梯”，白鹤滩水电站为两岸崖壁上的鸟儿栗喉蜂虎“乔迁新居”、为300余株古树逐个定制移栽方案……从江中到岸边，“生态优先、绿色发展”的理念落地生根、拔节生长。

　　在纪录片的最后一集，镜头离开白鹤滩，像坝中流泄的江水一般涌向长江、奔入大海。随着镜头，观众看到了沿线各地正在建设或运行的水面光伏、抽水蓄能电站、远海风电等多能互补的清洁能源体系。这是实现中华民族永续发展的不竭动力，也是我们饱含诚意、努力实现“双碳”目标的一个剪影。（周飞亚）

中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.